feat: Add support for percent-encoding in password and it's corresponding test

Add support of percent-encoded characters when passing the username and password in URI

Closes https://github.com/espressif/esp-mqtt/issues/294

test/mqtt_utils_host_test/main/test_main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Espressif Systems (Shanghai) CO LTD
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Unlicense OR CC0-1.0
+ */
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <catch2/catch_session.hpp>
+
+extern "C" void app_main(void)
+{
+    int argc = 1;
+    const char *argv[2] = {
+        "target_test_main",
+        NULL
+    };
+    auto result = Catch::Session().run(argc, argv);
+
+    if (result != 0) {
+        printf("Test failed with result %d\n", result);
+        exit(1);
+    } else {
+        printf("Test passed.\n");
+        exit(0);
+    }
+}