diff --git a/.github/workflows/docker.yml b/.github/workflows/docker.yml
index 7f9785d09..bb006fcbc 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/docker.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/docker.yml
@@ -43,73 +43,124 @@ concurrency:
 permissions:  # added using https://github.com/step-security/secure-workflows
   contents: read
 
-jobs:
+env:
+  DOCKERHUB_REPO: openthread/environment
 
-  buildx:
-    name: buildx-${{ matrix.docker_name }}-${{ matrix.arch }}
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.runner }}
+jobs:
+  build:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         include:
-          - docker_name: environment
-            arch: amd64
+          - platform: linux/amd64
             runner: ubuntu-24.04
-          - docker_name: environment
-            arch: arm64
+          - platform: linux/arm64
             runner: ubuntu-24.04-arm
+
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.runner }}
+
     steps:
-    - name: Harden Runner
-      uses: step-security/harden-runner@0080882f6c36860b6ba35c610c98ce87d4e2f26f # v2.10.2
-      with:
-        egress-policy: audit # TODO: change to 'egress-policy: block' after couple of runs
+      - name: Harden Runner
+        uses: step-security/harden-runner@0080882f6c36860b6ba35c610c98ce87d4e2f26f # v2.10.2
+        with:
+          egress-policy: audit # TODO: change to 'egress-policy: block' after couple of runs
 
-    - name: Free Disk Space (Ubuntu)
-      uses: jlumbroso/free-disk-space@main
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+        with:
+          submodules: true
 
-    - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
-      with:
-        submodules: true
+      - name: Prepare
+        run: |
+          platform=${{ matrix.platform }}
+          echo "PLATFORM_PAIR=${platform//\//-}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
 
-    - name: Prepare
-      id: prepare
-      run: |
-        DOCKER_IMAGE=openthread/${{ matrix.docker_name }}
-        DOCKER_FILE=etc/docker/${{ matrix.docker_name }}/Dockerfile
-        DOCKER_PLATFORMS=linux/${{ matrix.arch }}
-        VERSION=latest
+      - name: Docker meta
+        id: meta
+        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
+        with:
+          images: |
+            ${{ env.DOCKERHUB_REPO }}
 
-        TAGS="--tag ${DOCKER_IMAGE}:${VERSION}"
+      - name: Login to Docker Hub
+        if: success() && github.repository == 'openthread/openthread' && github.event_name != 'pull_request'
+        uses: docker/login-action@9780b0c442fbb1117ed29e0efdff1e18412f7567 # v3.3.0
+        with:
+          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USERNAME }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }}
 
-        echo "docker_image=${DOCKER_IMAGE}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-        echo "version=${VERSION}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-        echo "buildx_args=--platform ${DOCKER_PLATFORMS} \
-          --build-arg OT_GIT_REF=${{ github.sha }} \
-          --build-arg VERSION=${VERSION} \
-          --build-arg BUILD_DATE=$(date -u +'%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ') \
-          --build-arg VCS_REF=${GITHUB_SHA::8} \
-          ${TAGS} --file ${DOCKER_FILE} ." >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@6524bf65af31da8d45b59e8c27de4bd072b392f5 # v3.8.0
 
-    - name: Set up Docker Buildx
-      uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@6524bf65af31da8d45b59e8c27de4bd072b392f5 # v3.8.0
+      - name: Build and push by digest
+        if: success()
+        id: build
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
+        with:
+          file: etc/docker/environment/Dockerfile
+          platforms: ${{ matrix.platform }}
+          labels: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.labels }}
+          outputs: type=image,"name=${{ env.DOCKERHUB_REPO }}",push-by-digest=true,name-canonical=true
+          push: ${{ github.repository == 'openthread/openthread' && github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
 
-    - name: Docker Buildx (build)
-      run: |
-        docker buildx build --output "type=image,push=false" ${{ steps.prepare.outputs.buildx_args }}
+      - name: Export digest
+        if: success() && github.repository == 'openthread/openthread' && github.event_name != 'pull_request'
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p ${{ runner.temp }}/digests
+          digest="${{ steps.build.outputs.digest }}"
+          touch "${{ runner.temp }}/digests/${digest#sha256:}"
 
-    - name: Login to DockerHub
-      if: success() && github.repository == 'openthread/openthread' && github.event_name != 'pull_request'
-      uses: docker/login-action@9780b0c442fbb1117ed29e0efdff1e18412f7567 # v3.3.0
-      with:
-        username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USERNAME }}
-        password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }}
+      - name: Upload digest
+        if: success() && github.repository == 'openthread/openthread' && github.event_name != 'pull_request'
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@65c4c4a1ddee5b72f698fdd19549f0f0fb45cf08 # v4.6.0
+        with:
+          name: digests-${{ env.PLATFORM_PAIR }}
+          path: ${{ runner.temp }}/digests/*
+          if-no-files-found: error
+          retention-days: 1
 
-    - name: Docker Buildx (push)
-      if: success() && github.repository == 'openthread/openthread' && github.event_name != 'pull_request'
-      run: |
-        docker buildx build --output "type=image,push=true" ${{ steps.prepare.outputs.buildx_args }}
+  merge:
+    if: success() && github.repository == 'openthread/openthread' && github.event_name != 'pull_request'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs:
+      - build
+    steps:
+      - name: Harden Runner
+        uses: step-security/harden-runner@0080882f6c36860b6ba35c610c98ce87d4e2f26f # v2.10.2
+        with:
+          egress-policy: audit # TODO: change to 'egress-policy: block' after couple of runs
 
-    - name: Inspect Image
-      if: always() && github.repository == 'openthread/openthread' && github.event_name != 'pull_request'
-      run: |
-        docker buildx imagetools inspect ${{ steps.prepare.outputs.docker_image }}:${{ steps.prepare.outputs.version }}
+      - name: Download digests
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          path: ${{ runner.temp }}/digests
+          pattern: digests-*
+          merge-multiple: true
+
+      - name: Login to Docker Hub
+        uses: docker/login-action@9780b0c442fbb1117ed29e0efdff1e18412f7567 # v3.3.0
+        with:
+          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USERNAME }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }}
+
+      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@6524bf65af31da8d45b59e8c27de4bd072b392f5 # v3.8.0
+
+      - name: Docker meta
+        id: meta
+        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
+        with:
+          images: |
+            ${{ env.DOCKERHUB_REPO }}
+          tags: |
+            type=ref,event=branch
+            type=raw,value=latest,enable={{is_default_branch}}
+
+      - name: Create manifest list and push
+        working-directory: ${{ runner.temp }}/digests
+        run: |
+          docker buildx imagetools create $(jq -cr '.tags | map("-t " + .) | join(" ")' <<< "$DOCKER_METADATA_OUTPUT_JSON") \
+            $(printf '${{ env.DOCKERHUB_REPO }}@sha256:%s ' *)
+
+      - name: Inspect image
+        run: |
+          docker buildx imagetools inspect ${{ env.DOCKERHUB_REPO }}:${{ steps.meta.outputs.version }}