[logging] introduce Log{Level}OnError macros and update core (#12533)

This commit introduces a new set of logging macros, `LogCritOnError`,
`LogWarnOnError`, `LogNoteOnError`, `LogInfoOnError`, and
`LogDebgOnError`, to provide a consistent and streamlined way to log
errors across the codebase.

The new macros automatically prepend "Failed to " and append the error
string (using `ErrorToString()`) to the log message, reducing
boilerplate code and ensuring a uniform log format. These macros only
emit a log if the provided `Error` is not `kErrorNone`.

This change improves code readability and maintainability by
consolidating error logging logic into the logging framework.

src/core/thread/mle_ftd.cpp

@@ -1947,8 +1947,8 @@ Error Mle::ProcessAddressRegistrationTlv(RxInfo &aRxInfo, Child &aChild)
         }
         else
         {
-            LogWarn("Error %s adding IPv6 address %s to child 0x%04x", ErrorToString(error),
-                    address.ToString().AsCString(), aChild.GetRloc16());
+            LogWarnOnError(error, "add IPv6 address %s to child 0x%04x", address.ToString().AsCString(),
+                           aChild.GetRloc16());
         }
 
         if (address.IsMulticast())