From 7048835ba191faa82d3d8fe6c38999306c6a95fc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tongze Wang <tongze@google.com>
Date: Thu, 21 May 2026 03:39:33 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] [core] check if `Instance` has been initialized before
 logging (#13099)

When logging while `Instance` has not been initialized yet, use 0 as
return value of `GetUptime` and use `OPENTHREAD_CONFIG_LOG_LEVEL_INIT`
as default log level instead of accessing raw memory.
---
 src/core/common/log.cpp | 27 ++++++++++++++++++++++++---
 1 file changed, 24 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/core/common/log.cpp b/src/core/common/log.cpp
index 9fdf4a5bf..09ebc57ac 100644
--- a/src/core/common/log.cpp
+++ b/src/core/common/log.cpp
@@ -133,7 +133,14 @@ void Logger::Log(const char *aModuleName, LogLevel aLogLevel, Error aError, cons
 #else
 #error "OPENTHREAD_CONFIG_LOG_PREPEND_UPTIME requires LOG_INSTANCE_AWARE_API_ENABLE under multi-instance"
 #endif
-        ot::UptimeToString(instance->Get<ot::UptimeTracker>().GetUptime(), logString, kUptimeStringIncludeMsec);
+        if (instance->IsInitialized())
+        {
+            ot::UptimeToString(instance->Get<ot::UptimeTracker>().GetUptime(), logString, kUptimeStringIncludeMsec);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            ot::UptimeToString(0, logString, kUptimeStringIncludeMsec);
+        }
         logString.Append(" ");
     }
 #endif
@@ -141,7 +148,14 @@ void Logger::Log(const char *aModuleName, LogLevel aLogLevel, Error aError, cons
 #if OPENTHREAD_CONFIG_LOG_LEVEL_DYNAMIC_ENABLE
 
 #if !OPENTHREAD_CONFIG_MULTIPLE_INSTANCE_ENABLE
-    VerifyOrExit(Instance::Get().GetLogLevel() >= aLogLevel);
+    if (Instance::Get().IsInitialized())
+    {
+        VerifyOrExit(Instance::Get().GetLogLevel() >= aLogLevel);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        VerifyOrExit(OPENTHREAD_CONFIG_LOG_LEVEL_INIT >= aLogLevel);
+    }
 #elif !OPENTHREAD_CONFIG_LOG_INSTANCE_AWARE_API_ENABLE
     VerifyOrExit(Instance::GetGlobalLogLevel() >= aLogLevel);
 #else
@@ -149,7 +163,14 @@ void Logger::Log(const char *aModuleName, LogLevel aLogLevel, Error aError, cons
         Instance *instance = Instance::GetActiveInstance();
 
         VerifyOrExit(instance != nullptr);
-        VerifyOrExit(instance->GetLogLevel() >= aLogLevel);
+        if (instance->IsInitialized())
+        {
+            VerifyOrExit(instance->GetLogLevel() >= aLogLevel);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            VerifyOrExit(OPENTHREAD_CONFIG_LOG_LEVEL_INIT >= aLogLevel);
+        }
     }
 #endif