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<div class="bd-toc-item navbar-nav"><p aria-level="2" class="caption" role="heading"><span class="caption-text">Getting Started</span></p>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../overview.html">Overview</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../quick-start-guide.html">Quick Start Guide</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../installation/index.html">Installation</a><details><summary><span class="toctree-toggle" role="presentation"><i class="fa-solid fa-chevron-down"></i></span></summary><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../installation/containers.html">Pre-built release container images on NGC</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../installation/linux.html">Installing on Linux via <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../installation/build-from-source-linux.html">Building from Source Code on Linux</a></li>
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<p aria-level="2" class="caption" role="heading"><span class="caption-text">Deployment Guide</span></p>
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<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/llm_api_examples.html">LLM Examples</a><details><summary><span class="toctree-toggle" role="presentation"><i class="fa-solid fa-chevron-down"></i></span></summary><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/llm_inference.html">Generate text</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/llm_inference_async.html">Generate text asynchronously</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/llm_inference_async_streaming.html">Generate text in streaming</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/llm_inference_distributed.html">Distributed LLM Generation</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/llm_guided_decoding.html">Generate text with guided decoding</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/llm_logits_processor.html">Control generated text using logits processor</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/llm_multilora.html">Generate text with multiple LoRA adapters</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/llm_sparse_attention.html">Sparse Attention</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/llm_speculative_decoding.html">Speculative Decoding</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/llm_kv_cache_connector.html">KV Cache Connector</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/llm_kv_cache_offloading.html">KV Cache Offloading</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/llm_runtime.html">Runtime Configuration Examples</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/llm_sampling.html">Sampling Techniques Showcase</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/llm_mgmn_llm_distributed.html">Run LLM-API with pytorch backend on Slurm</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/llm_mgmn_trtllm_bench.html">Run trtllm-bench with pytorch backend on Slurm</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/llm_mgmn_trtllm_serve.html">Run trtllm-serve with pytorch backend on Slurm</a></li>
</ul>
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<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/trtllm_serve_examples.html">Online Serving Examples</a><details><summary><span class="toctree-toggle" role="presentation"><i class="fa-solid fa-chevron-down"></i></span></summary><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/curl_chat_client.html">Curl Chat Client</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/curl_chat_client_for_multimodal.html">Curl Chat Client For Multimodal</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/curl_completion_client.html">Curl Completion Client</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/deepseek_r1_reasoning_parser.html">Deepseek R1 Reasoning Parser</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/genai_perf_client.html">Genai Perf Client</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/genai_perf_client_for_multimodal.html">Genai Perf Client For Multimodal</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/openai_chat_client.html">OpenAI Chat Client</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/openai_chat_client_for_multimodal.html">OpenAI Chat Client for Multimodal</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/openai_completion_client.html">OpenAI Completion Client</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/openai_completion_client_for_lora.html">Openai Completion Client For Lora</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/openai_completion_client_json_schema.html">OpenAI Completion Client with JSON Schema</a></li>
</ul>
</details></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../examples/dynamo_k8s_example.html">Dynamo K8s Example</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../deployment-guide/index.html">Model Recipes</a><details><summary><span class="toctree-toggle" role="presentation"><i class="fa-solid fa-chevron-down"></i></span></summary><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../deployment-guide/deployment-guide-for-deepseek-r1-on-trtllm.html">Deployment Guide for DeepSeek R1 on TensorRT LLM - Blackwell &amp; Hopper Hardware</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../deployment-guide/deployment-guide-for-llama3.3-70b-on-trtllm.html">Deployment Guide for Llama3.3 70B on TensorRT LLM - Blackwell &amp; Hopper Hardware</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../deployment-guide/deployment-guide-for-llama4-scout-on-trtllm.html">Deployment Guide for Llama4 Scout 17B on TensorRT LLM - Blackwell &amp; Hopper Hardware</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../deployment-guide/deployment-guide-for-gpt-oss-on-trtllm.html">Deployment Guide for GPT-OSS on TensorRT-LLM - Blackwell Hardware</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../deployment-guide/deployment-guide-for-qwen3-next-on-trtllm.html">Deployment Guide for Qwen3 Next on TensorRT LLM - Blackwell &amp; Hopper Hardware</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../models/adding-new-model.html">Adding a New Model</a></li>
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<p aria-level="2" class="caption" role="heading"><span class="caption-text">API Reference</span></p>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../llm-api/reference.html">API Reference</a></li>
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<p aria-level="2" class="caption" role="heading"><span class="caption-text">Features</span></p>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/feature-combination-matrix.html">Feature Combination Matrix</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/attention.html">Multi-Head, Multi-Query, and Group-Query Attention</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/disagg-serving.html">Disaggregated Serving</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/kvcache.html">KV Cache System</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/long-sequence.html">Long Sequences</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/lora.html">LoRA (Low-Rank Adaptation)</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/multi-modality.html">Multimodal Support in TensorRT LLM</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/overlap-scheduler.html">Overlap Scheduler</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/paged-attention-ifb-scheduler.html">Paged Attention, IFB, and Request Scheduling</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/parallel-strategy.html">Parallelism in TensorRT LLM</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/quantization.html">Quantization</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/sampling.html">Sampling</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/additional-outputs.html">Additional Outputs</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/speculative-decoding.html">Speculative Decoding</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/checkpoint-loading.html">Checkpoint Loading</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/auto_deploy/auto-deploy.html">AutoDeploy (Prototype)</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/ray-orchestrator.html">Ray Orchestrator (Prototype)</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../features/torch_compile_and_piecewise_cuda_graph.html">Torch Compile &amp; Piecewise CUDA Graph</a></li>
</ul>
<p aria-level="2" class="caption" role="heading"><span class="caption-text">Developer Guide</span></p>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../developer-guide/overview.html">Architecture Overview</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../developer-guide/perf-analysis.html">Performance Analysis</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../developer-guide/perf-benchmarking.html">TensorRT LLM Benchmarking</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../developer-guide/ci-overview.html">Continuous Integration Overview</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../developer-guide/dev-containers.html">Using Dev Containers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../developer-guide/api-change.html">LLM API Change Guide</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../developer-guide/kv-transfer.html">Introduction to KV Cache Transmission</a></li>
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<p aria-level="2" class="caption" role="heading"><span class="caption-text">Blogs</span></p>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../blogs/tech_blog/blog10_ADP_Balance_Strategy.html">ADP Balance Strategy</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../blogs/tech_blog/blog11_GPT_OSS_Eagle3.html">Running GPT-OSS-120B with Eagle3 Speculative Decoding on GB200/B200 (TensorRT LLM)</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../blogs/tech_blog/blog12_Combining_Guided_Decoding_and_Speculative_Decoding.html">Combining Guided Decoding and Speculative Decoding: Making CPU and GPU Cooperate Seamlessly</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../blogs/tech_blog/blog13_Inference_Time_Compute_Implementation_in_TensorRT-LLM.html">Inference Time Compute Implementation in TensorRT LLM</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../blogs/tech_blog/blog14_Scaling_Expert_Parallelism_in_TensorRT-LLM_part3.html">Scaling Expert Parallelism in TensorRT LLM (Part 3: Pushing the Performance Boundary)</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../blogs/tech_blog/blog1_Pushing_Latency_Boundaries_Optimizing_DeepSeek-R1_Performance_on_NVIDIA_B200_GPUs.html">Pushing Latency Boundaries: Optimizing DeepSeek-R1 Performance on NVIDIA B200 GPUs</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../blogs/tech_blog/blog2_DeepSeek_R1_MTP_Implementation_and_Optimization.html">DeepSeek R1 MTP Implementation and Optimization</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../blogs/tech_blog/blog3_Optimizing_DeepSeek_R1_Throughput_on_NVIDIA_Blackwell_GPUs.html">Optimizing DeepSeek R1 Throughput on NVIDIA Blackwell GPUs: A Deep Dive for Developers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../blogs/tech_blog/blog4_Scaling_Expert_Parallelism_in_TensorRT-LLM.html">Scaling Expert Parallelism in TensorRT LLM (Part 1: Design and Implementation of Large-scale EP)</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../blogs/tech_blog/blog5_Disaggregated_Serving_in_TensorRT-LLM.html">Disaggregated Serving in TensorRT LLM</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../blogs/tech_blog/blog6_Llama4_maverick_eagle_guide.html">How to launch Llama4 Maverick + Eagle3 TensorRT LLM server</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../blogs/tech_blog/blog8_Scaling_Expert_Parallelism_in_TensorRT-LLM_part2.html">Scaling Expert Parallelism in TensorRT LLM (Part 2: Performance Status and Optimization)</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../blogs/tech_blog/blog9_Deploying_GPT_OSS_on_TRTLLM.html">Running a High Performance GPT-OSS-120B Inference Server with TensorRT LLM</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../blogs/Best_perf_practice_on_DeepSeek-R1_in_TensorRT-LLM.html">How to get best performance on DeepSeek-R1 in TensorRT LLM</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../blogs/H200launch.html">H200 achieves nearly 12,000 tokens/sec on Llama2-13B with TensorRT LLM</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../blogs/XQA-kernel.html">New XQA-kernel provides 2.4x more Llama-70B throughput within the same latency budget</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../blogs/H100vsA100.html">H100 has 4.6x A100 Performance in TensorRT LLM, achieving 10,000 tok/s at 100ms to first token</a></li>
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<section class="tex2jax_ignore mathjax_ignore" id="architecture-ovewiew">
<h1>Architecture Ovewiew<a class="headerlink" href="#architecture-ovewiew" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h1>
<p>TensorRT LLM is a toolkit designed to create optimized solutions for Large Language Model (LLM) inference.
Besides TensorRT, PyTorch can also serve as the backend for TensorRT-LLM. This document provides an overview of the PyTorch Backend architecture.</p>
<section id="top-level-api">
<h2>Top Level API<a class="headerlink" href="#top-level-api" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<p>The interface for PyTorch backend is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tensorrt_llm.LLM</span></code>.</p>
<div class="highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">tensorrt_llm</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">LLM</span>
<span class="n">llm</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">LLM</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">model</span><span class="o">=&lt;</span><span class="n">path_to_llama_from_hf</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">LLM</span></code> also manages the tokenization and detokenization processes of the input.</p>
</section>
<section id="pyexecutor">
<h2>PyExecutor<a class="headerlink" href="#pyexecutor" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<p>Similar to the TensorRT backend, which uses <a class="reference internal" href="#../advanced/executor.md"><span class="xref myst">Executor API</span></a>, the PyTorch backend employs a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyExecutor</span></code> class.
This class has a similar interface to Executor, allowing it to be integrated into LLM as an alternative backend.
Key components of the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyExecutor</span></code> include:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>Model Engine: Holds the language model and efficiently supports single-step model forward.</p></li>
<li><p>Decoder: Generates output tokens based on Model Engine outputs. Currently, only greedy search is supported.</p></li>
<li><p>Scheduler: Decides whether to allocate resources (like KV Cache) for a request and whether to run forward for each request at the current step.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The single-step flow of PyExecutor involves:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>Fetching new requests from the request queue, if any.</p></li>
<li><p>Scheduling some requests.</p></li>
<li><p>Running model forward for scheduled requests.</p></li>
<li><p>Running the decoder using the model forward outputs for the scheduled requests.</p></li>
<li><p>Adding output tokens for each request and handling finished requests.</p></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="model-engine">
<h2>Model Engine<a class="headerlink" href="#model-engine" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<p>The core component of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyExecutor</span></code> is the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ModelEngine</span></code>, responsible for executing the models forward pass efficiently on the GPU.
The key method of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ModelEngine</span></code> is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">forward</span></code>, which handles the forward pass computation.
For the PyTorch backend, the derived class is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyTorchModelEngine</span></code>, declared in <a class="reference download internal" download="" href="../_downloads/c68095123d889975e6e5e839a4241d22/model_engine.py"><span class="xref download myst">model_engine.py</span></a>.</p>
</section>
<section id="decoder">
<h2>Decoder<a class="headerlink" href="#decoder" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<p>The Decoder generates output tokens based on Model Engine outputs and supports greedy search decoding.</p>
</section>
<section id="scheduler">
<h2>Scheduler<a class="headerlink" href="#scheduler" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<p>The scheduler operates in two steps:</p>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li><p>CapacityScheduler: Determines if there are enough resources to accommodate a request.</p></li>
<li><p>MicroBatchScheduler: Selects some requests for the model to run forward.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>Both CapacityScheduler and MicroBatchScheduler currently use C++ bindings.
However, since the interfaces are implemented in Python, customization is possible.
The document <a class="reference internal" href="scheduler.html"><span class="std std-doc">scheduler.md</span></a> explains how to implement customized scheduling logic.</p>
</section>
<section id="resourcemanager">
<h2>ResourceManager<a class="headerlink" href="#resourcemanager" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ResourceManager</span></code> helps allocate and manage these resources that may be needed to run inference for a single request.
It is a container of objects inherited from <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">BaseResourceManager</span></code>, each managing a specific type of resource.
There are three important interfaces for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">BaseResourceManager</span></code>:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">prepare_resources</span></code>: Called at each step before model forward in PyExecutor for the current batch.</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">update_resources</span></code>: Called at each step finish for the current batch.</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">free_resources</span></code>: Called at each request finish.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>One crucial resource is the KV Cache for transformer models. The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">BaseResourceManager</span></code> for KV Cache is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">KVCacheManager</span></code>.</p>
<section id="kvcachemanager">
<h3>KVCacheManager<a class="headerlink" href="#kvcachemanager" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h3>
<p>Currently, the KVCacheManager uses C++ binding. However, customization in Python is possible, as its interface is implemented in Python.
The document <a class="reference internal" href="kv_cache_manager.html"><span class="std std-doc">kv_cache_manager.md</span></a> details how to implement a customized KVCacheManager.</p>
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