[MLA Attention Backend] Add TOKENSPEED_MLA backend for DSR1/Kimi K25 prefill + decode on Blackwell (#41778)

Signed-off-by: Yongye Zhu <zyy1102000@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Roger Wang <hey@rogerw.io>
Co-authored-by: Roger Wang <hey@rogerw.io>

benchmarks/attention_benchmarks/configs/mla_decode.yaml

@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ backends:
   - FLASHINFER_MLA
   - FLASH_ATTN_MLA  # Hopper only
   - FLASHMLA        # Hopper only
+  - TOKENSPEED_MLA  # Blackwell + R1 dims + FP8 KV (use --kv-cache-dtype fp8)
 
 device: "cuda:0"
 repeats: 100

benchmarks/attention_benchmarks/configs/mla_prefill.yaml

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 # Compares all available MLA prefill backends:
 #   FA backends:  fa2, fa3, fa4 (FlashAttention versions)
 #   Non-FA:       flashinfer, cudnn, trtllm (Blackwell-only, require flashinfer)
+#   CuTe DSL:     tokenspeed (Blackwell + R1 dims, requires tokenspeed_mla)
 #
 # Uses cutlass_mla as the decode backend for impl construction
 # (only the prefill path is exercised).
@@ -120,6 +121,7 @@ prefill_backends:
   - flashinfer
   - cudnn
   - trtllm
+  - tokenspeed
 
 device: "cuda:0"
 repeats: 20

benchmarks/attention_benchmarks/mla_runner.py

@@ -179,19 +179,27 @@ def create_minimal_vllm_config(
 
     if prefill_backend is not None:
         prefill_cfg = get_prefill_backend_config(prefill_backend)
-        if prefill_cfg["flash_attn_version"] is not None:
-            vllm_config.attention_config.flash_attn_version = prefill_cfg[
-                "flash_attn_version"
+        if prefill_cfg.get("mla_prefill_backend_enum") is not None:
+            # Registry-based backends bypass the deprecated boolean flags.
+            from vllm.v1.attention.backends.mla.prefill import MLAPrefillBackendEnum
+
+            vllm_config.attention_config.mla_prefill_backend = MLAPrefillBackendEnum[
+                prefill_cfg["mla_prefill_backend_enum"]
             ]
-        vllm_config.attention_config.disable_flashinfer_prefill = prefill_cfg[
-            "disable_flashinfer_prefill"
-        ]
-        vllm_config.attention_config.use_cudnn_prefill = prefill_cfg[
-            "use_cudnn_prefill"
-        ]
-        vllm_config.attention_config.use_trtllm_ragged_deepseek_prefill = prefill_cfg[
-            "use_trtllm_ragged_deepseek_prefill"
-        ]
+        else:
+            if prefill_cfg["flash_attn_version"] is not None:
+                vllm_config.attention_config.flash_attn_version = prefill_cfg[
+                    "flash_attn_version"
+                ]
+            vllm_config.attention_config.disable_flashinfer_prefill = prefill_cfg[
+                "disable_flashinfer_prefill"
+            ]
+            vllm_config.attention_config.use_cudnn_prefill = prefill_cfg[
+                "use_cudnn_prefill"
+            ]
+            vllm_config.attention_config.use_trtllm_ragged_deepseek_prefill = (
+                prefill_cfg["use_trtllm_ragged_deepseek_prefill"]
+            )
 
     return vllm_config
 
@@ -223,22 +231,17 @@ _PREFILL_BACKEND_CONFIG: dict[str, dict] = {
         "use_trtllm_ragged_deepseek_prefill": False,
     },
     "flashinfer": {
-        "flash_attn_version": None,
-        "disable_flashinfer_prefill": False,
-        "use_cudnn_prefill": False,
-        "use_trtllm_ragged_deepseek_prefill": False,
+        "mla_prefill_backend_enum": "FLASHINFER",
     },
     "cudnn": {
-        "flash_attn_version": None,
-        "disable_flashinfer_prefill": True,
-        "use_cudnn_prefill": True,
-        "use_trtllm_ragged_deepseek_prefill": False,
+        # cuDNN prefill backend was removed; AttentionConfig raises on use.
+        "mla_prefill_backend_enum": "FLASHINFER",
     },
     "trtllm": {
-        "flash_attn_version": None,
-        "disable_flashinfer_prefill": True,
-        "use_cudnn_prefill": False,
-        "use_trtllm_ragged_deepseek_prefill": True,
+        "mla_prefill_backend_enum": "TRTLLM_RAGGED",
+    },
+    "tokenspeed": {
+        "mla_prefill_backend_enum": "TOKENSPEED_MLA",
     },
 }
 
@@ -625,6 +628,21 @@ def _create_backend_impl(
     # Create mock layer
     layer = MockLayer(device, impl=impl, kv_cache_spec=kv_cache_spec)
 
+    # Attach a prefill backend (MLAAttention does this in __init__; the metadata
+    # builder reads layer.prefill_backend from static_forward_context).
+    from vllm.v1.attention.backends.mla.prefill import get_mla_prefill_backend
+
+    prefill_backend_cls = get_mla_prefill_backend(vllm_config)
+    layer.prefill_backend = prefill_backend_cls(
+        num_heads=mla_dims["num_q_heads"],
+        scale=(mla_dims["qk_nope_head_dim"] + mla_dims["qk_rope_head_dim"]) ** -0.5,
+        kv_lora_rank=mla_dims["kv_lora_rank"],
+        qk_nope_head_dim=mla_dims["qk_nope_head_dim"],
+        qk_rope_head_dim=mla_dims["qk_rope_head_dim"],
+        v_head_dim=mla_dims["v_head_dim"],
+        vllm_config=vllm_config,
+    )
+
     # Create builder instance if needed
     builder_instance = None
     if builder_class:
@@ -961,19 +979,6 @@ def _run_mla_benchmark_batched(
     results = []
 
     with set_current_vllm_config(vllm_config):
-        # Clear cached prefill backend detection functions so they re-evaluate
-        # with the current VllmConfig. These are @functools.cache decorated and
-        # would otherwise return stale results from a previous backend's config.
-        from vllm.model_executor.layers.attention.mla_attention import (
-            use_cudnn_prefill,
-            use_flashinfer_prefill,
-            use_trtllm_ragged_deepseek_prefill,
-        )
-
-        use_flashinfer_prefill.cache_clear()
-        use_cudnn_prefill.cache_clear()
-        use_trtllm_ragged_deepseek_prefill.cache_clear()
-
         # Create backend impl, layer, builder, and indexer (reused across benchmarks)
         impl, layer, builder_instance, indexer = _create_backend_impl(
             backend_cfg,
@@ -985,36 +990,35 @@ def _run_mla_benchmark_batched(
             kv_cache_dtype=kv_cache_dtype,
         )
 
-        # Verify the actual prefill backend matches what was requested
+        # Verify the actual prefill backend matches what was requested. The
+        # selector + impl construction already raise on misuse; here we just
+        # check the resolved class against the requested name as a sanity guard.
         if prefill_backend is not None:
-            prefill_cfg = get_prefill_backend_config(prefill_backend)
-            fa_version = prefill_cfg["flash_attn_version"]
-
-            if fa_version is not None:
-                # FA backend: verify the impl's FA version
-                actual_fa_version = getattr(impl, "vllm_flash_attn_version", None)
+            expected_class = {
+                "fa2": "FlashAttnPrefillBackend",
+                "fa3": "FlashAttnPrefillBackend",
+                "fa4": "FlashAttnPrefillBackend",
+                "flashinfer": "FlashInferPrefillBackend",
+                "trtllm": "TrtllmRaggedPrefillBackend",
+                "tokenspeed": "TokenspeedMLAPrefillBackend",
+            }.get(prefill_backend)
+            actual_class = type(getattr(layer, "prefill_backend", None)).__name__
+            if expected_class and actual_class != expected_class:
+                raise RuntimeError(
+                    f"Prefill backend '{prefill_backend}' requested "
+                    f"{expected_class}, got {actual_class}. Check "
+                    f"attention_config plumbing or installed deps."
+                )
+            if prefill_backend in {"fa2", "fa3", "fa4"}:
+                fa_version = int(prefill_backend[2:])
+                actual_fa_version = getattr(
+                    layer.prefill_backend, "vllm_flash_attn_version", None
+                )
                 if actual_fa_version != fa_version:
                     raise RuntimeError(
                         f"Prefill backend '{prefill_backend}' requested FA "
-                        f"version {fa_version}, but the impl is using FA "
-                        f"version {actual_fa_version}. Check "
-                        f"vllm/v1/attention/backends/fa_utils.py."
-                    )
-            else:
-                # Non-FA backend: verify the builder picked the right path
-                expected_flags = {
-                    "flashinfer": "_use_fi_prefill",
-                    "cudnn": "_use_cudnn_prefill",
-                    "trtllm": "_use_trtllm_ragged_prefill",
-                }
-                flag_name = expected_flags.get(prefill_backend)
-                if flag_name and not getattr(builder_instance, flag_name, False):
-                    raise RuntimeError(
-                        f"Prefill backend '{prefill_backend}' was requested "
-                        f"but the metadata builder did not enable it. This "
-                        f"usually means a dependency is missing (e.g., "
-                        f"flashinfer not installed) or the platform doesn't "
-                        f"support it."
+                        f"version {fa_version}, got "
+                        f"{actual_fa_version} on {actual_class}."
                     )
 
         # Run each benchmark with the shared impl

docs/design/attention_backends.md

@@ -125,12 +125,13 @@ Priority is **1 = highest** (tried first).
 | Priority | Backend |
 | -------- | ------- |
 | 1 | `FLASHINFER_MLA` |
-| 2 | `CUTLASS_MLA` |
-| 3 | `FLASH_ATTN_MLA` |
-| 4 | `FLASHMLA` |
-| 5 | `TRITON_MLA` |
-| 6 | `FLASHINFER_MLA_SPARSE`**\*** |
-| 7 | `FLASHMLA_SPARSE` |
+| 2 | `TOKENSPEED_MLA` |
+| 3 | `CUTLASS_MLA` |
+| 4 | `FLASH_ATTN_MLA` |
+| 5 | `FLASHMLA` |
+| 6 | `TRITON_MLA` |
+| 7 | `FLASHINFER_MLA_SPARSE`**\*** |
+| 8 | `FLASHMLA_SPARSE` |
 
 **Ampere/Hopper (SM 8.x-9.x):**
 
@@ -202,6 +203,7 @@ hardware and configuration.
 | `FLASH_ATTN`‡ | FlashAttention varlen (FA2/FA3/FA4) | fp16, bf16 | Any | FA4 on SM100+, FA3 on SM90, FA2 otherwise |
 | `TRTLLM_RAGGED` | TensorRT-LLM ragged attention | fp16, bf16 | 10.x | DeepSeek R1 dims only |
 | `FLASHINFER` | FlashInfer CUTLASS backend | fp16, bf16 | 10.x | DeepSeek R1 dims only |
+| `TOKENSPEED_MLA` | | fp16, bf16 | 10.x | DeepSeek R1 dims only |
 
 > **‡** TRT-LLM Ragged is the default on Blackwell (SM100).
 > On other GPUs, FlashAttention is used as the default.
@@ -222,5 +224,6 @@ MLA decode backends are selected using the standard
 | `ROCM_AITER_MLA` | fp16, bf16 | `auto`, `float16`, `bfloat16`, `fp8`, `fp8_e4m3`, `fp8_e5m2` | %1 | Any | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | Decoder | N/A |
 | `ROCM_AITER_MLA_SPARSE` | fp16, bf16 | `auto`, `float16`, `bfloat16`, `fp8`, `fp8_e4m3` | 1, 64 | Any | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | Decoder | N/A |
 | `ROCM_AITER_TRITON_MLA` | fp16, bf16 | `auto` | Any | Any | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | Decoder | N/A |
+| `TOKENSPEED_MLA` | fp16, bf16 | `fp8`, `fp8_e4m3` | 32, 64 | Any | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | Decoder | 10.x |
 | `TRITON_MLA` | fp16, bf16 | `auto`, `float16`, `bfloat16`, `fp8`, `fp8_e4m3` | %16 | Any | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | Decoder | Any |
 | `XPU_MLA_SPARSE` | fp16, bf16 | `auto`, `float16`, `bfloat16` | Any | 576 | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | Decoder | Any |

requirements/cuda.txt

@@ -23,3 +23,6 @@ fastsafetensors >= 0.2.2
 # QuACK and Cutlass DSL for FA4 (cute-DSL implementation)
 nvidia-cutlass-dsl[cu13]>=4.4.2
 quack-kernels>=0.3.3
+
+# Tokenspeed_MLA for faster mla with spec decode
+tokenspeed-mla==0.1.2

tests/conftest.py

@@ -224,19 +224,28 @@ def init_test_http_connection():
 def dist_init():
     from tests.utils import ensure_current_vllm_config
 
-    temp_file = tempfile.mkstemp()[1]
+    # Close the fd returned by mkstemp; FileStore opens the path itself.
+    # Leaving it open leaks one FD per test and eventually exhausts the
+    # ulimit, causing FileStore's destructor to throw c10::DistStoreError
+    # ("Too many open files") during gc and abort the process.
+    fd, temp_file = tempfile.mkstemp()
+    os.close(fd)
 
-    with ensure_current_vllm_config():
-        init_distributed_environment(
-            world_size=1,
-            rank=0,
-            distributed_init_method=f"file://{temp_file}",
-            local_rank=0,
-            backend="nccl",
-        )
-        initialize_model_parallel(1, 1)
-        yield
-    cleanup_dist_env_and_memory()
+    try:
+        with ensure_current_vllm_config():
+            init_distributed_environment(
+                world_size=1,
+                rank=0,
+                distributed_init_method=f"file://{temp_file}",
+                local_rank=0,
+                backend="nccl",
+            )
+            initialize_model_parallel(1, 1)
+            yield
+        cleanup_dist_env_and_memory()
+    finally:
+        with contextlib.suppress(OSError):
+            os.unlink(temp_file)
 
 
 @pytest.fixture

tests/v1/attention/test_mla_backends.py

@@ -20,17 +20,20 @@ from tests.v1.attention.utils import (
 from vllm import _custom_ops as ops
 from vllm.config.vllm import set_current_vllm_config
 from vllm.model_executor.layers.attention.mla_attention import (
+    MLAAttention,
     QueryLenSupport,
     _DecodeConcatQuantFP8,
 )
-from vllm.model_executor.layers.attention_layer_base import AttentionLayerBase
 from vllm.model_executor.layers.quantization.utils.quant_utils import GroupShape
 from vllm.platforms import current_platform
 from vllm.utils.math_utils import cdiv
 from vllm.utils.torch_utils import STR_DTYPE_TO_TORCH_DTYPE
 from vllm.v1.attention.backend import CommonAttentionMetadata
 from vllm.v1.attention.backends.fa_utils import flash_attn_supports_mla
-from vllm.v1.attention.backends.mla.prefill import get_mla_prefill_backend
+from vllm.v1.attention.backends.mla.prefill import (
+    MLAPrefillBackendEnum,
+    get_mla_prefill_backend,
+)
 from vllm.v1.attention.backends.registry import AttentionBackendEnum
 from vllm.v1.attention.ops.flashmla import is_flashmla_dense_supported
 from vllm.v1.kv_cache_interface import MLAAttentionSpec
@@ -41,6 +44,7 @@ BACKENDS_TO_TEST = [
     AttentionBackendEnum.FLASH_ATTN_MLA,
     AttentionBackendEnum.FLASHINFER_MLA,
     AttentionBackendEnum.TRITON_MLA,
+    AttentionBackendEnum.TOKENSPEED_MLA,
 ]
 
 DEVICE_TYPE = current_platform.device_type
@@ -49,6 +53,7 @@ DEVICE_TYPE = current_platform.device_type
 if not torch.cuda.is_available() or torch.cuda.get_device_properties(0).major < 10:
     BACKENDS_TO_TEST.remove(AttentionBackendEnum.CUTLASS_MLA)
     BACKENDS_TO_TEST.remove(AttentionBackendEnum.FLASHINFER_MLA)
+    BACKENDS_TO_TEST.remove(AttentionBackendEnum.TOKENSPEED_MLA)
 
 # Remove FLASH_ATTN_MLA from the list if not supported
 if not flash_attn_supports_mla():
@@ -58,6 +63,22 @@ if not flash_attn_supports_mla():
 if not is_flashmla_dense_supported()[0]:
     BACKENDS_TO_TEST.remove(AttentionBackendEnum.FLASHMLA)
 
+# Remove TOKENSPEED_MLA if the optional package is not installed
+if AttentionBackendEnum.TOKENSPEED_MLA in BACKENDS_TO_TEST:
+    try:
+        import tokenspeed_mla  # noqa: F401
+    except ImportError:
+        BACKENDS_TO_TEST.remove(AttentionBackendEnum.TOKENSPEED_MLA)
+
+
+# Filtered per-test via validate_configuration (capability/deps/dims).
+PREFILL_BACKENDS_TO_TEST = [
+    MLAPrefillBackendEnum.FLASH_ATTN,
+    MLAPrefillBackendEnum.FLASHINFER,
+    MLAPrefillBackendEnum.TRTLLM_RAGGED,
+    MLAPrefillBackendEnum.TOKENSPEED_MLA,
+]
+
 
 SPEC_DECODE_BACKENDS = []
 for backend in BACKENDS_TO_TEST:
@@ -389,14 +410,18 @@ class MockSparseMLAAttentionLayer:
         return output
 
 
-class MockMLAAttentionLayer(AttentionLayerBase):
+class MockMLAAttentionLayer(MLAAttention):
     """A mock MLA attention layer for testing.
 
     This replicates the forward_impl logic from MLAAttention to allow
     testing MLA backends without the full layer infrastructure.
 
-    The W_UK_T and W_UV weight matrices are created on the layer (like in
-    MLAAttention.process_weights_after_loading), not on the impl.
+    Subclasses MLAAttention so that backends that filter
+    `static_forward_context` by `isinstance(layer, MLAAttention)` (e.g.
+    FlashInfer prefill, which reads sm_scale through that filter) see the
+    mock as a real MLA layer. MLAAttention.__init__ is intentionally
+    skipped — it would create its own impl/prefill_backend and self-register
+    in static_forward_context, which fights what the test sets up below.
     """
 
     def __init__(
@@ -412,6 +437,7 @@ class MockMLAAttentionLayer(AttentionLayerBase):
         q_scale: float,
         k_scale: float,
     ):
+        torch.nn.Module.__init__(self)
         self.impl = impl
         self.num_heads = num_heads
         self.qk_nope_head_dim = qk_nope_head_dim
@@ -562,11 +588,15 @@ def run_attention_backend(
     q_scale: float,
     k_scale: float,
     kv_cache_dtype: str = "auto",
+    prefill_backend: MLAPrefillBackendEnum | None = None,
 ) -> torch.Tensor:
     """Run attention computation using the specified backend's AttentionImpl."""
 
     builder_cls, impl_cls = try_get_attention_backend(backend)
 
+    # Force the prefill backend selection (None means auto-select).
+    vllm_config.attention_config.mla_prefill_backend = prefill_backend
+
     # Set the current vllm config so that get_current_vllm_config() works
     # in the backend implementations
     with set_current_vllm_config(vllm_config):
@@ -578,7 +608,11 @@ def run_attention_backend(
             vllm_config.parallel_config
         )
         head_size = vllm_config.model_config.get_head_size()
-        scale = 1.0 / (head_size**0.5)
+        # Production MLA passes 1/sqrt(qk_head_dim) (the prefill scale) to the
+        # impl and forwards the same value to the prefill backend. FLASHINFER
+        # prefill reads sm_scale back from impl.scale via global_hyperparameters
+        # at plan() time, so impl.scale must agree with prefill_backend.scale.
+        scale = (qk_nope_head_dim + qk_rope_head_dim) ** -0.5
         impl = impl_cls(
             num_heads=num_heads,
             head_size=head_size,
@@ -683,6 +717,7 @@ def run_attention_backend(
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("tensor_parallel_size", [1, 4, 8, 16])
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("kv_cache_dtype", ["auto", "fp8", "fp8_e4m3"])
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(("q_scale", "k_scale"), [(1.0, 1.0), (2.0, 3.0)])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("prefill_backend", PREFILL_BACKENDS_TO_TEST)
 def test_backend_correctness(
     default_vllm_config,
     dist_init,
@@ -693,6 +728,7 @@ def test_backend_correctness(
     kv_cache_dtype: str,
     q_scale: float,
     k_scale: float,
+    prefill_backend: MLAPrefillBackendEnum,
 ):
     """
     Test that all backends produce similar outputs to a reference implementation
@@ -729,6 +765,24 @@ def test_backend_correctness(
     if not backends_to_test:
         pytest.skip(f"No backends support kv_cache_dtype={kv_cache_dtype}")
 
+    # Skip prefill backends that can't satisfy capability/deps/R1 constraints.
+    from vllm.v1.attention.backends.mla.prefill.selector import (
+        MLAPrefillSelectorConfig,
+    )
+
+    try:
+        prefill_invalid_reasons = prefill_backend.get_class().validate_configuration(
+            current_platform.get_device_capability(),
+            MLAPrefillSelectorConfig(dtype=torch.bfloat16, is_r1_compatible=True),
+        )
+    except ImportError:
+        prefill_invalid_reasons = ["ImportError"]
+    if prefill_invalid_reasons:
+        pytest.skip(
+            f"Prefill backend {prefill_backend.name} unavailable: "
+            f"{prefill_invalid_reasons}"
+        )
+
     batch_spec = BATCH_SPECS[batch_spec_name]
     is_spec_decode_test = batch_spec_name.startswith("spec_decode")
     unique_block_sizes = sorted(set(BACKEND_BLOCK_SIZES[b] for b in backends_to_test))
@@ -799,9 +853,13 @@ def test_backend_correctness(
     assert kv_lora_rank + qk_rope_head_dim == head_size, (
         f"MLA dimensions don't match: {total_head_size} != {head_size}"
     )
-    decode_scale = 1.0 / (total_head_size**0.5)
     qk_head_dim = qk_nope_head_dim + qk_rope_head_dim
     prefill_scale = qk_head_dim**-0.5
+    # MLA reuses prefill_scale for the decode path: production sets
+    # impl.scale = 1/sqrt(qk_head_dim) and the decode kernels apply it even
+    # though the latent attention runs at head_size dimensions. Keeping the
+    # reference here in sync with run_attention_backend's impl.scale.
+    decode_scale = prefill_scale
 
     # 2. Generate data and compute SDPA reference output for MLA
     all_q_vllm, all_kv_c_vllm, all_k_pe_vllm = [], [], []
@@ -1092,6 +1150,7 @@ def test_backend_correctness(
             qk_rope_head_dim,
             v_head_dim,
             mock_kv_b_proj,
+            prefill_backend=prefill_backend,
             q_scale=q_scale,
             k_scale=k_scale,
             kv_cache_dtype=kv_cache_dtype,

vllm/model_executor/layers/attention/mla_attention.py

@@ -1362,6 +1362,7 @@ def backend_supports_prefill_query_quantization() -> bool:
     return backend_cls.get_name() in (
         "FLASHINFER",
         "TRTLLM_RAGGED",
+        "TOKENSPEED_MLA",
     )
 
 

vllm/platforms/cuda.py

@@ -110,6 +110,10 @@ def _get_backend_priorities(
 
             return [
                 AttentionBackendEnum.FLASHINFER_MLA,
+                # R1 dims + FP8 KV only; rejected by supports_combination
+                # otherwise. Behind FLASHINFER_MLA: wins past bs≈8, regresses
+                # at bs≤2.
+                AttentionBackendEnum.TOKENSPEED_MLA,
                 AttentionBackendEnum.CUTLASS_MLA,
                 AttentionBackendEnum.FLASH_ATTN_MLA,
                 AttentionBackendEnum.FLASHMLA,

vllm/v1/attention/backends/mla/prefill/registry.py

@@ -43,6 +43,10 @@ class MLAPrefillBackendEnum(Enum, metaclass=_MLAPrefillBackendEnumMeta):
         "vllm.v1.attention.backends.mla.prefill.trtllm_ragged."
         "TrtllmRaggedPrefillBackend"
     )
+    TOKENSPEED_MLA = (
+        "vllm.v1.attention.backends.mla.prefill.tokenspeed_mla."
+        "TokenspeedMLAPrefillBackend"
+    )
 
     def get_path(self) -> str:
         """Get the fully qualified class path for this backend."""

vllm/v1/attention/backends/mla/prefill/selector.py

@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ def _get_mla_prefill_backend_priorities(
             MLAPrefillBackendEnum.FLASH_ATTN,
             MLAPrefillBackendEnum.TRTLLM_RAGGED,
             MLAPrefillBackendEnum.FLASHINFER,
+            MLAPrefillBackendEnum.TOKENSPEED_MLA,
         ]
     else:  # Hopper (SM90) and older
         return [

vllm/v1/attention/backends/mla/prefill/tokenspeed_mla.py

@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright contributors to the vLLM project
+"""TokenSpeed CuTe DSL backend for MLA prefill."""
+
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+import torch
+
+from vllm.v1.attention.backends.mla.prefill.base import MLAPrefillBackend
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from vllm.config import VllmConfig
+    from vllm.model_executor.layers.attention.mla_attention import (
+        MLACommonPrefillMetadata,
+    )
+    from vllm.platforms.interface import DeviceCapability
+
+
+class TokenspeedMLAPrefillBackend(MLAPrefillBackend):
+    """TokenSpeed CuTe DSL backend for MLA prefill."""
+
+    requires_r1_mla_dimensions = True
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def get_name() -> str:
+        return "TOKENSPEED_MLA"
+
+    @classmethod
+    def supports_compute_capability(cls, device_capability: "DeviceCapability") -> bool:
+        return device_capability.major == 10
+
+    _INSTALL_HINT = (
+        "tokenspeed_mla package is not installed. "
+        "Install it with: `uv pip install tokenspeed-mla`"
+    )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def is_available(cls) -> bool:
+        try:
+            from tokenspeed_mla import (
+                tokenspeed_mla_prefill,  # noqa: F401
+            )
+
+            return True
+        except ImportError:
+            return False
+
+    @classmethod
+    def validate_configuration(
+        cls,
+        device_capability,
+        selector_config,
+    ) -> list[str]:
+        # Replace the generic "required dependencies not available" message
+        # from the base class with a specific install hint so users know
+        # exactly which package to install when they explicitly select this
+        # backend without having tokenspeed_mla installed.
+        reasons = super().validate_configuration(device_capability, selector_config)
+        return [
+            cls._INSTALL_HINT if r == "required dependencies not available" else r
+            for r in reasons
+        ]
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        num_heads: int,
+        scale: float,
+        kv_lora_rank: int,
+        qk_nope_head_dim: int,
+        qk_rope_head_dim: int,
+        v_head_dim: int,
+        vllm_config: "VllmConfig",
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(
+            num_heads=num_heads,
+            scale=scale,
+            kv_lora_rank=kv_lora_rank,
+            qk_nope_head_dim=qk_nope_head_dim,
+            qk_rope_head_dim=qk_rope_head_dim,
+            v_head_dim=v_head_dim,
+            vllm_config=vllm_config,
+        )
+
+        # Pre-JIT BF16 and FP8 prefill kernels. Idempotent — also called from
+        # TokenspeedMLAImpl.__init__; second call is a no-op.
+        from tokenspeed_mla import warmup_compile_prefill
+
+        for q_dtype in (torch.bfloat16, torch.float8_e4m3fn):
+            warmup_compile_prefill(
+                q_dtype=q_dtype,
+                d_qk=qk_nope_head_dim + qk_rope_head_dim,
+                d_v=v_head_dim,
+                enable_pdl=False,
+            )
+
+    def prepare_metadata(
+        self,
+        prefill_metadata: "MLACommonPrefillMetadata",
+    ) -> None:
+        super().prepare_metadata(prefill_metadata)
+        # Kernel signature requires `seq_lens` but the implementation never reads
+        # it (per-batch lengths are derived from `cum_seq_lens` diffs); compute
+        # for parity with trtllm_ragged. cuda-graph padding in
+        # `query_start_loc` is saturated to `total_num_tokens`
+        # (gpu_model_runner.py:1905), so trailing diffs are 0 and padded batches
+        # are kernel no-ops — same reason trtllm passes the padded length as
+        # batch_size directly.
+        self._query_seq_lens = (
+            prefill_metadata.query_start_loc[1:] - prefill_metadata.query_start_loc[:-1]
+        )
+
+    def run_prefill_new_tokens(
+        self,
+        q: torch.Tensor,
+        k: torch.Tensor,
+        v: torch.Tensor,
+        return_softmax_lse: bool,
+    ) -> torch.Tensor | tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
+        from tokenspeed_mla import tokenspeed_mla_prefill
+
+        # `v` arrives as the second half of `kv_nope.split(...)` in
+        # mla_attention.forward_mha — a non-contiguous view of `kv_nope` along
+        # dim=-1. The kernel does `v.reshape(1, total_kv, h_k, 1, d_v)` which
+        # would silently copy on a non-contiguous tensor; force contiguity here
+        # so the copy (if any) happens once outside the kernel call.
+        v = v.contiguous()
+
+        ret = tokenspeed_mla_prefill(
+            query=q,
+            key=k,
+            value=v,
+            seq_lens=self._query_seq_lens,
+            cum_seq_lens=self._prefill_metadata.query_start_loc,
+            max_seq_len=self._prefill_metadata.max_query_len,
+            batch_size=self._query_seq_lens.shape[0],
+            softmax_scale=self.scale,
+            is_causal=True,
+            return_lse=return_softmax_lse,
+            enable_pdl=False,
+        )
+
+        if isinstance(ret, tuple):
+            # Convert from (q_len, num_heads) to (num_heads, q_len)
+            return ret[0], ret[1].transpose(0, 1).contiguous()
+        return ret
+
+    def run_prefill_context_chunk(
+        self,
+        chunk_idx: int,
+        q: torch.Tensor,
+        k: torch.Tensor,
+        v: torch.Tensor,
+    ) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
+        from tokenspeed_mla import tokenspeed_mla_prefill
+
+        assert self._prefill_metadata.chunked_context is not None
+        chunked = self._prefill_metadata.chunked_context
+
+        # See note in run_prefill_new_tokens — `v` is a split-view of `kv_nope`
+        # in `_compute_prefill_context` and arrives non-contiguous.
+        v = v.contiguous()
+
+        attn_out, lse = tokenspeed_mla_prefill(
+            query=q,
+            key=k,
+            value=v,
+            seq_lens=chunked.seq_lens[chunk_idx],
+            cum_seq_lens=chunked.cu_seq_lens[chunk_idx],
+            max_seq_len=chunked.max_seq_lens[chunk_idx],
+            batch_size=chunked.seq_lens[chunk_idx].shape[0],
+            softmax_scale=self.scale,
+            is_causal=False,
+            return_lse=True,
+            cum_seq_lens_q=self._prefill_metadata.query_start_loc,
+            max_seq_len_q=self._prefill_metadata.max_query_len,
+            enable_pdl=False,
+        )
+
+        # Convert from (q_len, num_heads) to (num_heads, q_len)
+        return attn_out, lse.transpose(0, 1).contiguous()

vllm/v1/attention/backends/mla/tokenspeed_mla.py

@@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright contributors to the vLLM project
+"""TokenSpeed CuTe DSL MLA decode backend (Blackwell, FP8 KV cache only)."""
+
+from typing import ClassVar
+
+import torch
+
+from vllm.config.cache import CacheDType
+from vllm.logger import init_logger
+from vllm.model_executor.layers.attention.mla_attention import (
+    MLACommonBackend,
+    MLACommonImpl,
+    MLACommonMetadata,
+    MLACommonMetadataBuilder,
+    QueryLenSupport,
+)
+from vllm.platforms.interface import DeviceCapability
+from vllm.utils.torch_utils import is_quantized_kv_cache
+from vllm.v1.attention.backend import (
+    AttentionCGSupport,
+    AttentionLayer,
+    AttentionType,
+    MultipleOf,
+)
+from vllm.v1.attention.backends.utils import KVCacheLayoutType
+
+logger = init_logger(__name__)
+
+# Workspace upper bound for tokenspeed_mla_decode (per-device, lazy):
+#   num_sms * num_heads * MAX_Q_LEN * (kv_lora_rank + 1) * sizeof(float32)
+# Matches the kernel's `get_workspace_size` formula. MAX_Q_LEN=8 covers up to
+# EAGLE3 / MTP-2 spec decoding query lengths; larger q_len fails the kernel's
+# own buffer check.
+_TOKENSPEED_MAX_Q_LEN = 8
+
+_g_workspace: dict[torch.device, torch.Tensor] = {}
+
+
+def _get_workspace(
+    device: torch.device, num_heads: int, kv_lora_rank: int
+) -> torch.Tensor:
+    from tokenspeed_mla import get_num_sm
+
+    needed = (
+        get_num_sm(device) * num_heads * _TOKENSPEED_MAX_Q_LEN * (kv_lora_rank + 1) * 4
+    )
+    existing = _g_workspace.get(device)
+    if existing is None or existing.numel() < needed:
+        _g_workspace[device] = torch.empty(needed, dtype=torch.int8, device=device)
+    return _g_workspace[device]
+
+
+class TokenspeedMLAMetadataBuilder(MLACommonMetadataBuilder[MLACommonMetadata]):
+    _cudagraph_support: ClassVar[AttentionCGSupport] = AttentionCGSupport.UNIFORM_BATCH
+    query_len_support: ClassVar[QueryLenSupport] = QueryLenSupport.UNIFORM
+
+
+class TokenspeedMLABackend(MLACommonBackend):
+    supported_dtypes: ClassVar[list[torch.dtype]] = [torch.float16, torch.bfloat16]
+    supported_kv_cache_dtypes: ClassVar[list[CacheDType]] = [
+        "fp8",
+        "fp8_e4m3",
+    ]
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def get_supported_kernel_block_sizes() -> list[int | MultipleOf]:
+        return [32, 64]
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def get_name() -> str:
+        return "TOKENSPEED_MLA"
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def get_impl_cls() -> type["TokenspeedMLAImpl"]:
+        return TokenspeedMLAImpl
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def get_builder_cls() -> type["TokenspeedMLAMetadataBuilder"]:
+        return TokenspeedMLAMetadataBuilder
+
+    @classmethod
+    def supports_compute_capability(cls, capability: DeviceCapability) -> bool:
+        return capability.major == 10
+
+    @classmethod
+    def supports_combination(
+        cls,
+        head_size: int,
+        dtype: torch.dtype,
+        kv_cache_dtype: CacheDType | None,
+        block_size: int | None,
+        use_mla: bool,
+        has_sink: bool,
+        use_sparse: bool,
+        device_capability: DeviceCapability,
+    ) -> str | None:
+        # Surface a clear install hint up front rather than letting a raw
+        # ModuleNotFoundError fire deep inside `forward_mqa` at first request.
+        try:
+            import tokenspeed_mla  # noqa: F401
+        except ImportError:
+            return (
+                "tokenspeed_mla package is not installed. "
+                "Install it with: `uv pip install tokenspeed-mla`"
+            )
+
+        # tokenspeed_mla CuTe DSL kernel is shape-specialized for DeepSeek R1
+        # MLA dimensions (qk_nope=128, qk_rope=64, v=128). Reject anything else.
+        from vllm.config import get_current_vllm_config
+
+        vllm_config = get_current_vllm_config()
+        if vllm_config.model_config is not None:
+            hf_text_config = vllm_config.model_config.hf_text_config
+            qk_nope_head_dim = getattr(hf_text_config, "qk_nope_head_dim", 0)
+            qk_rope_head_dim = getattr(hf_text_config, "qk_rope_head_dim", 0)
+            v_head_dim = getattr(hf_text_config, "v_head_dim", 0)
+            if qk_nope_head_dim != 128 or qk_rope_head_dim != 64 or v_head_dim != 128:
+                return (
+                    "tokenspeed_mla requires DeepSeek R1 MLA dimensions "
+                    "(qk_nope_head_dim=128, qk_rope_head_dim=64, v_head_dim=128), "
+                    f"got ({qk_nope_head_dim}, {qk_rope_head_dim}, {v_head_dim})"
+                )
+        return None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_required_kv_cache_layout(cls) -> "KVCacheLayoutType | None":
+        return "HND"
+
+
+class TokenspeedMLAImpl(MLACommonImpl[MLACommonMetadata]):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        num_heads: int,
+        head_size: int,
+        scale: float,
+        num_kv_heads: int,
+        alibi_slopes: list[float] | None,
+        sliding_window: int | None,
+        kv_cache_dtype: str,
+        logits_soft_cap: float | None,
+        attn_type: str,
+        kv_sharing_target_layer_name: str | None,
+        # MLA Specific Arguments
+        **mla_args,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(
+            num_heads,
+            head_size,
+            scale,
+            num_kv_heads,
+            alibi_slopes,
+            sliding_window,
+            kv_cache_dtype,
+            logits_soft_cap,
+            attn_type,
+            kv_sharing_target_layer_name,
+            **mla_args,
+        )
+
+        unsupported_features = [alibi_slopes, sliding_window, logits_soft_cap]
+        if any(unsupported_features):
+            raise NotImplementedError(
+                "TokenspeedMLAImpl does not support one of the following: "
+                "alibi_slopes, sliding_window, logits_soft_cap"
+            )
+
+        if attn_type != AttentionType.DECODER:
+            raise NotImplementedError(
+                "Encoder self-attention and "
+                "encoder/decoder cross-attention "
+                "are not implemented for "
+                "TokenspeedMLAImpl"
+            )
+
+        if not is_quantized_kv_cache(self.kv_cache_dtype):
+            raise NotImplementedError(
+                "TokenspeedMLAImpl requires an FP8 KV cache "
+                "(--kv-cache-dtype fp8 or fp8_e4m3); "
+                f"got kv_cache_dtype={self.kv_cache_dtype!r}."
+            )
+
+        # Allocate (or fetch the cached) workspace lazily on first forward —
+        # __init__ runs before the device is necessarily set on the worker;
+        # we know it for sure at forward time when we see the input tensor.
+        self._workspace_buffer: torch.Tensor | None = None
+        self.softmax_scale: float | None = None
+        self.output_scale: float | None = None
+
+        # Pre-JIT BF16 and FP8 prefill kernels here too — decode impl always
+        # runs when tokenspeed is selected, prefill backend may not (user can
+        # pair with flash_attn / trtllm). Idempotent.
+        from tokenspeed_mla import warmup_compile_prefill
+
+        for q_dtype in (torch.bfloat16, torch.float8_e4m3fn):
+            warmup_compile_prefill(
+                q_dtype=q_dtype,
+                d_qk=self.qk_nope_head_dim + self.qk_rope_head_dim,
+                d_v=self.v_head_dim,
+                enable_pdl=False,
+            )
+
+    def forward_mqa(
+        self,
+        q: torch.Tensor | tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor],
+        kv_c_and_k_pe_cache: torch.Tensor,
+        attn_metadata: MLACommonMetadata,
+        layer: AttentionLayer,
+    ) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor | None]:
+        from tokenspeed_mla import tokenspeed_mla_decode
+
+        assert kv_c_and_k_pe_cache.numel() > 0
+        assert attn_metadata.decode is not None
+
+        if isinstance(q, tuple):
+            q_nope, q_pe = q
+            q = torch.cat([q_nope, q_pe], dim=-1)
+
+        # supports_quant_query_input=True (set in MLACommonImpl) tells the
+        # pipeline to concat+FP8-quantize Q upstream via _decode_concat_quant_fp8_op.
+        # The kernel is shape-specialized for FP8 Q + FP8 KV, so anything else
+        # here means the upstream quant didn't run and the kernel will produce
+        # garbage.
+        assert q.dtype == torch.float8_e4m3fn, (
+            f"TokenspeedMLAImpl expected FP8 query (supports_quant_query_input=True), "
+            f"got {q.dtype}. Pipeline isinstance(q, tuple)={isinstance(q, tuple)}, "
+            f"q_scale={layer._q_scale_float}, k_scale={layer._k_scale_float}."
+        )
+
+        # tokenspeed_mla_decode expects query shape
+        # (num_decodes, q_len_per_request, num_heads, head_dim).
+        if attn_metadata.num_decode_tokens % attn_metadata.num_decodes != 0:
+            logger.warning_once(
+                """TokenspeedMLAImpl got a query of uneven length.
+                This usually indicates an issue in batch reordering
+                or incorrect setup in dummy_run."""
+            )
+            q = q.unsqueeze(1)
+        else:
+            q = q.view(attn_metadata.num_decodes, -1, q.shape[-2], q.shape[-1])
+
+        if self.softmax_scale is None:
+            # FP8 KV cache is mandatory for this backend, so q_scale/k_scale
+            # always apply. softmax_scale is bmm1; output_scale is bmm2 — both
+            # required to recover the correct attention output from the FP8
+            # KV cache (V is stored as V_real/k_scale).
+            self.softmax_scale = (
+                self.scale * layer._q_scale_float * layer._k_scale_float
+            )
+            self.output_scale = layer._k_scale_float
+
+        if self._workspace_buffer is None:
+            self._workspace_buffer = _get_workspace(
+                q.device, self.num_heads, self.kv_lora_rank
+            )
+
+        # vLLM kv_c_and_k_pe_cache is already (num_blocks, block_size, head_size).
+        # tokenspeed_mla_decode wants 3D — pass as-is (no unsqueeze, unlike trtllm).
+        o = tokenspeed_mla_decode(
+            query=q,
+            kv_cache=kv_c_and_k_pe_cache,
+            workspace_buffer=self._workspace_buffer,
+            kv_lora_rank=self.kv_lora_rank,
+            qk_rope_head_dim=self.qk_rope_head_dim,
+            block_tables=attn_metadata.decode.block_table,
+            seq_lens=attn_metadata.decode.seq_lens,
+            max_seq_len=attn_metadata.max_seq_len,
+            softmax_scale=self.softmax_scale,
+            output_scale=self.output_scale,
+            enable_pdl=False,
+        )
+
+        # Flatten the output for consistent shape
+        o = o.view(-1, o.shape[-2], o.shape[-1])
+
+        # tokenspeed_mla_decode does not return LSE.
+        return o, None

vllm/v1/attention/backends/registry.py

@@ -63,6 +63,9 @@ class AttentionBackendEnum(Enum, metaclass=_AttentionBackendEnumMeta):
     FLASHINFER_MLA = (
         "vllm.v1.attention.backends.mla.flashinfer_mla.FlashInferMLABackend"
     )
+    TOKENSPEED_MLA = (
+        "vllm.v1.attention.backends.mla.tokenspeed_mla.TokenspeedMLABackend"
+    )
     FLASHINFER_MLA_SPARSE = (
         "vllm.v1.attention.backends.mla.flashinfer_mla_sparse."
         "FlashInferMLASparseBackend"